Section Editor: Meagan Seay, DO
Neuro-Ophthalmology Fundamentals
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- Neuro-ophthalmology exam
- University of Utah affiliates, please use Stat!Ref for NANOS Examination Techniques: NExT
- Go to Eccles Library:https://library.med.utah.edu/
- Click Research Databases
- Click “S”
- Find Stat!Ref in list, Click to enter
- Select NANOS Examination Techniques (soon to be integrated as Section B in NANOS Illustrated Curiculum in Stat!Ref)
- Neuro-ophthalmology Exam Video: visual acuity, Ishihara color vision, red desaturation, confrontation visual fields, stereoacuity, pupils, vestibulo-ocular reflex, cranial nerves, fundoscopy
- The Neuro-ophthalmology Exam Video: Hardy-Rand-Rittler color vision, RAPD, extraocular movements, sensorimotor testing, prisms, Maddox rod
- The Neuro-ophthalmology Exam Video: eyelids, exam findings in myasthenia gravis
- Understanding Visual Field Testing and Visual Defect Cases Video
- Visual Field Defects Cases Video
- University of Utah affiliates, please use Stat!Ref for NANOS Examination Techniques: NExT
- Neuro-anatomy by Dr. Susan Stansaas
- Anatomy of Eye Movements Video
- Anatomy of Pupillary Control Video
- Cerebral Circulation Video
- Control of the Pupil Video
- Control of Eye Movements: Supranuclear, Nuclear, and Fascicular Pathways Video
- Cranial Nerve VII Anatomy Video
- Cranial Nerve Functions and Brainstem Tracts Video
- Cranial Nerves: Level of Brainstem and Blood Supply Video
- The Vestibular System Video
- The Visual Pathway Video
- Neuro-Imaging by Dr. Hans Christian Davidson
- Approach to vision loss
- Approach to diplopia
- OKAP Review
- Neuro-ophthalmology exam
Afferent Disorders
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- Optic Neuropathy
- Approach to optic nerve pallor
- Approach to optic disc edema
- Didactic Videos
- Case of Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy Video
- Case of a Child with Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma and Neurofibromatosis Type 2 Video
- Case Report of Two Cases of Wolfram Syndrome
- Case of Optic Neuropathy in a Patient with End Stage Renal Disease Video
- Case Report of Non-Arteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION)
- Grand Rounds by Dr. Joyce Liao 11/13/2019: AION and Optic Disc Drusen Research at Stanford University Video
- Grand Rounds by Dr. Nancy Newman 04/08/2020: CRAO, Optic Neuropathy, Papilledema, Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension, NMO, Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy, Horner’s Syndrome, Third Nerve Palsy Video
- Discussion with Dr. Steve Feldon: Treatment Challenges in a Case of Thyroid Orbitopathy Video
- Optic Neuritis–How to assess for optic neuritis and ddx
- Papilledema–Differential and management
- Didactic Videos
- Patient Education Lecture on Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension 2021 by Dr. Kathleen Digre
- Patient Education Lecture on Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension 2019 by Dr. Kathleen Digre Video
- Translational Research Day Presentation by Dr. Steve Feldon 09/16/2016: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Overview Video
- Didactic Videos
- Retinal mimics of optic neuropathy not to miss
- Nonphysiologic vision loss
- Illusions Hallucinations and higher order cortical visual issues
- Practice Cases in PowerPoint format
- Optic Neuropathy
Efferent Disorders
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- Pupillary disorders
- Pupil exam
- Approach to mydriatic pupil
- Approach to miotic pupil
- Practice cases in PowerPoint format
- Sensorimotor exam
- Binocular diplopia
- Supranuclear/Internuclear
- Abducting (Dissociated) Nystagmus with Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia Video
- Case of Posterior Fossa Syndrome with Cerebellar Mutism, Horizontal Gaze Palsy, Upgaze Palsy, and Skew Deviation Video
- Parinaud’s Syndrome Video
- Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Video
- Supranuclear, Nuclear and Internuclear Causes of Diplopia Video
- Wall-Eyed Bilateral Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO) Video
- Nuclear/fascicular/peripheral
- 3rd Nerve Palsy
- 4th Nerve Palsy
- 6th Nerve Palsy
- Multiple cranial nerve palsies, include localizing the lesion
- Myopathies
- Thyroid eye disease
- CPEO
- Orbital inflammatory syndrome
- NMJ disorders–myasthenia gravis/LEMS
- Silent Sinus Syndrome
- Practice cases in PowerPoint format
- Supranuclear/Internuclear
- Abnormal eye movements
- Nystagmus
- Binocular Pendular Nystagmus Video
- Brun’s Nystagmus Video
- Case of Alternating Skew Deviation and Downbeat Nystagmus Video
- Case of Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma with Upbeat Nystagmus Video
- Congenital Nystagmus Video
- Dissociated Nystagmus Video
- Downbeat Nystagmus Video
- Downbeat Nystagmus Video 2
- Latent Nystagmus Video
- Oculopalatal Myoclonus After Stroke Video
- Periodic Alternating Nystagmus Video
- Physiologic (End-Gaze) Nystagmus Video
- Rebound Nystagmus Video
- Rotary Nystagmus Video
- See-Saw Nystagmus Video 1
- See-Saw Nystagmus Video 2
- Spasmus Nutans Video
- Upbeat Nystagmus Video
- Vestibular Nystagmus with Frenzel Goggles and Vision Denied Video
- Vestibular Nystagmus Video
- Saccadic Intrusions
- Brief Interview and Examination of Patient with Opsoclonus Video
- Case of Superior Oblique Myokymia Video
- Case of Upgaze Restriction Video
- Convergence-Retraction Nystagmus Video
- Ocular Flutter Video
- Opsoclonus Video
- Square Wave Jerks Video
- Superior Oblique Myokymia Video 1
- Superior Oblique Myokymia Video 2
- Other eye movement abnormalities
- Practice cases in PowerPoint format
- Nystagmus
- Pupillary disorders
Headaches and Positive Visual Phenomena
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- Taking a headache history and headache evaluation
- Approach to Functional Vision Loss, Ocular Pain Syndromes, and Headaches Video
- Approach to Headache and Eye Pain Video
- Introduction to headache, migraine and secondary headaches Video
- Migraine and cluster pathophysiology and treatment Video
- Visual Aspects of Migraine by Dr. Digre Video
- Case of HaNDL Syndrome (Headache and Neurological Deficits with CSF Lymphocytosis) Video
- Approach to eye pain–see Dr. Digre’s algorithm
- Approach to photophobia
- Visual snow
- Practice cases in PowerPoint format
- Taking a headache history and headache evaluation
Grand Rounds Presentations and Cases
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- Inherited optic neuropathies
- Ischemic optic neuropathies
- Case of Optic Neuropathy in a Patient with End Stage Renal Disease Video
- Case Report of Non-Arteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION)
- Grand Rounds by Dr. Joyce Liao 11/13/2019: AION and Optic Disc Drusen Research at Stanford University Video
- Grand Rounds by Dr. Nancy Newman 04/08/2020: CRAO, Optic Neuropathy, Papilledema, Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension, NMO, Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy, Horner’s Syndrome, Third Nerve Palsy Video
- Vascular causes of vision loss
- Inflammatory optic neuropathies
- Case of Neuroretinitis Video
- Case of Neuroretinitis in a Multiple Sclerosis Patient Video
- Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders Video
- Case Report of Susac Syndrome
- Case of Susac Syndrome Video
- Sarcoidosis: Ocular and Neuro-ophthalmic Manifestations, Work Up, and Treatment Video
- Case of Optic Neuropathy in a Patient with Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Video
- Compressive optic neuropathy
- Nutritional optic neuropathy
- Infectious pathology
- Neoplastic pathology
- Visual pathway lesions
- Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
- Case Report of Vision Threatening Papilledema due to Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
- Case Report of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and Frisen Scale Papilledema Grading
- Patient Education Lecture on Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension 2021 by Dr. Kathleen Digre
- Patient Education Lecture on Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension 2019 by Dr. Kathleen Digre Video
- Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration for IIH Video
- Photographic Essay of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension-Associated Choroidal Neovascular Membranes Video
- Translational Research Day Presentation by Dr. Steve Feldon 09/16/2016: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Overview Video
- Visual field testing
- Introduction to Types of Visual Field Testing, Artifacts and Practice Cases Describing the Defect and Localizing the Lesion 2016 Video
- Visual Fields: Describing the Field Defect and Localizing the Lesion Through Practice Cases 2016 Video
- Visual Fields: Describing the Field Defect and Localizing the Lesion Through Practice Cases 2019 Video
- Headaches
Sub Pages
- 18 Year-old Patient with Optic Neuropathy
- 3-Step Test
- 46 Year-Old Woman with Unexplained Vision Loss
- A Big Blindspot
- A Brief Approach to Nonphysiologic Vision Loss
- A Case of Optic Neuropathy in a Patient with Atrial Fibrillation
- A Case of Posterior Fossa Syndrome with Cerebellar Mutism, Horizontal Gaze Palsy, Upgaze Palsy, and Skew Deviation
- A Case of Upgaze Restriction
- Aberrant Regeneration of the Seventh Nerve
- Aberrant Regeneration of the Third
- Aberrant Regeneration of the Third and Sixth Nerves
- Aberrant Regeneration of Third Nerve, Bilaterally (1 degree OD, 2 degrees OS)
- Acute Unilateral Vision Loss with Neck Stiffness: Will She See Again?
- Anisocoria
- Approach to Anisocoria
- Approach to Anisocoria and Pupil Cases
- Approach to Functional Vision Loss, Ocular Pain Syndromes, and Headaches
- Approach to Headache and Eye Pain
- Approach to Optic Disc Edema by Dr. Kathleen Digre
- Atypical Headache and Autonomic Cephalgias
- Bilateral Facial Myokymia
- Bilateral Optic Neuritis
- Bilateral Ptosis
- Binocular Pendular Nystagmus
- Brun’s Nystagmus
- Case of a Child with Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma and Neurofibromatosis Type 2
- Case of Alternating Skew Deviation and Down-Beat Nystagmus
- Case of Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy
- Case of Carotid-Ophthalmic Aneurysm
- Case of Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma with Upbeat Nystagmus
- Case of Eosinophilic Meningoencephalitis due to Angiostrongylus Cantonensis with Papilledema and 6th Nerve Palsy
- Case of HaNDL Syndrome (Headache and Neurological Deficits with CSF Lymphocytosis)
- Case of Neuroretinitis
- Case of Neuroretinitis in a Multiple Sclerosis Patient
- Case of Ocular Myastenia Gravis That Presented Like a Cranial Nerve 3 Palsy
- Case of Ocular Myasthenia Gravis
- Case of Optic Neuropathy in a Patient with End Stage Renal Disease
- Case of Optic Neuropathy in a Patient with Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
- Case of Orbital Apex Syndrome and Cavernous Sinus Syndrome Secondary to Mucormycosis Infection
- Case of Superior Oblique Myokymia
- Case of Superior Ophthalmic Vein Occlusion
- Case of Susac Syndrome
- Case of Vision Loss Secondary to Occipital Lobe PRES
- Case Report of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and Frisen Scale Papilledema Grading
- Case Report of Non-Arteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION)
- Case Report of Ocular Myasthenia Gravis: Ice and Rest Tests
- Case Report of Vision Threatening Papilledema due to Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
- Chronic Relapsing Inflammatory Optic Neuropathy
- Clinical Case: A 20 Year-Old with Encephalopathy and Scotoma
- Congenital Nystagmus
- Convergence Spasm
- Convergence-Retraction Nystagmus
- Corneal Nerves in Migraine Patients
- Cranial Nerve VII Anatomy
- Cyclic Oculomotor Palsy
- Demyelinating Optic Neuritis
- Differential Diagnosis for Painful Horner’s Syndrome
- Differential Diagnosis of Transient Monocular Vision Loss
- Differentiating Retinopathy from Optic Neuropathy in Acute Persistent Vision Loss
- Dilation Lag
- Diplopia in a Child
- Discussion with Dr. Steve Feldon: Treatment Challenges in a Case of Thyroid Orbitopathy
- Dorsal Midbrain Syndrome
- Dorsal Midbrain Syndrome: A Discrete Lesion Resulting in Parinaud’s Syndrome
- Down and Out Again: Ophthalmoplegic Migraine
- Downbeat Nystagmus
- Downbeat Nystagmus Video 2
- Duane Syndrome
- Elementary Visual Hallucinations vs. Visual Aura of Migraine: Adult-Onset Occipital Lobe Epilepsy in a Patient with Undiagnosed Colpocephaly
- Exam Finding: Aberrant Regeneration After 3rd Nerve Palsy
- Exam Finding: Cogan’s Lid Twitch
- Facial Myokymia Unilateral
- Flutter in Downgaze
- Fourth Nerve Palsy
- Frontal Lobe Pathology: Acquired Oculomotor Apraxia and Foster Kennedy Syndrome
- Functional Vision Loss
- Funny Looking Nerves (Bilateral Optic Nerve Drusen)
- Gaze Palsy with Facial Weakness from Pontine AVM
- Grand Rounds by Dr. Donnell Creel on 04/16/2019: Electroretinography and Retinal Imaging of Albinism
- Grand Rounds by Dr. Joyce Liao 11/13/2019: AION and Optic Disc Drusen Research at Stanford University
- Grand Rounds by Dr. Nancy Newman 04/08/2020: CRAO, Optic Neuropathy, Papilledema, Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension, NMO, Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy, Horner’s Syndrome, Third Nerve Palsy
- Hemifield Slide
- Higher Order Cortical Vision Loss- JCAHPO Webinar
- History of Medicine: Epidemic of Optic Neuropathy in Cuba in the 1990s
- Homonymous Hemianopia
- Horizontal Gaze Palsy: a Case Presentation
- Horner’s Syndrome in a 17 Year Old
- How to Measure the RAPD
- Identification of Burkhoderia in Blood and Tissue of Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis
- Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (Pseudotumor)
- Infranuclear CN 3, 4, and 6 Palsies
- Intermittent Square Wave Jerks
- Introduction to Types of Visual Field Testing, Artifacts and Practice Cases Describing the Defect and Localizing the Lesion 2016
- Iris Anatomy
- Latent Nystagmus
- Levator Disinsertion
- Light-Near Dissociation
- Macular Dystrophy in Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 7: A Case Series
- Management of Vision Threatening Papilledema
- Measuring the RAPD
- Monocular Pendular Nystagmus
- More Than Meets the Eye: The Eye and Migraine for Ophthalmologists
- Myasthenia Gravis – Before and After Tensilon
- Neuro Lecture: Double Vision Anatomy and Cases
- Neuro-Imaging: Modalities, Sequences, Anatomy, High Yield Pathology
- Neuro-Ophthalmologic Complications of Neoplastic Leptomeningeal Disease
- Neuro-ophthalmology Imaging Primer
- Neurofibromatosis II
- Neuroimaging Primer 2018
- Neuromuscular Diplopia
- Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
- Neuroradiology Quiz
- NMO: a spectrum?
- Nonphysiologic Vision Loss and Nonphysiologic Eye Movement Disorders
- Normal Eye Movements
- Ocular Flutter
- Ocular Lateropulsion (Wallenberg’s Syndrome)
- Ocular Manifestations of Sarcoidosis
- Ocular Myotonia
- Ocular Neuromyotonia
- Oculopalatal Myoclonus After Stroke
- OKAP Review: Neuro-Ophthalmology – 2019
- OKAP Review: Neuro-ophthalmology – 2022
- Ophthalmologic Findings and Chronic Headaches in a Patient with Kartagener Syndrome
- Opsoclonus
- Opsoclonus Video
- Opthalmoplegic Migraine/Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy
- Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration for IIH
- Orbicularis Myokymia
- Paradoxical Constriction of Pupils to Darkness (Flynn Phenomenon)
- Parinaud’s Syndrome
- Patient Education Lecture on Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension 2019 by Dr. Kathleen Digre
- Patient Support Services Grand Rounds 08/29/2018: A Case of Nonphysiologic Vision Loss and Examples of Vision Occupational Therapy
- Periodic Alternating Nystagmus
- PGY-3 Presentations
- Physiologic (End-Gaze) Nystagmus
- Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
- Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Video 2
- Pupil Anatomy and Cases
- Pupil Anatomy Cases and Quiz
- Rebound Nystagmus
- Rotary Downbeat Nystagmus
- Rotary Nystagmus Video 2
- Sarcoidosis: Ocular and Neuro-ophthalmic Manifestations, Work Up, and Treatment
- Sector Palsies and Light-Near Dissociation
- See-Saw Nystagmus 2
- See-Saw Nystagmus Video 1
- Short but Curious Case of Bitemporal Hemianopsia
- Skewed Diagnosis
- Spasmus Nutans Video 2
- Square Wave Jerks
- Superior Oblique Myokymia 2
- Superior Oblique Myokymia Video 1
- Supranuclear, Nuclear and Internuclear Causes of Diplopia
- Surgical Management of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
- Temporal Arteritis: Spectrum and Future
- Tensilon Testing in a Patient with Ocular Myasthenia Gravis
- The Changing Exam
- The Friday at 5:00 PM Patient
- The Light Pathway
- The Neuro-ophthalmology Exam: eyelids, exam findings in myasthenia gravis
- The Neuro-ophthalmology Exam: Hardy-Rand-Rittler color vision, RAPD, extraocular movements, sensorimotor testing, prisms, Maddox rod
- The Neuro-ophthalmology Exam: visual acuity, Ishihara color vision, red desaturation, confrontation visual fields, stereoacuity, pupils, vestibulo-ocular reflex, cranial nerves, fundoscopy
- Thin-Film Optical Notch Filters for the Treatment of Migraine & Photophobia
- Third Nerve Palsy, Pupil Involving
- This Looks Fishy (Miller Fisher Syndrome)
- Transient Monocular Vision Loss Due to Embolism or Vasculitis
- Transient Monocular Vision Loss Due to Vascular Disease, Vasospasm, Optic Neuropathy, Orbital Disease, and Migraine
- Transient Vision Loss
- Translational Research Day Presentation by Dr. Steve Feldon 09/16/2016: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Overview
- Troubling Thirds
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Blockers and CNS Demyelination
- Two Cases of Wolfram Syndrome
- Unexplained Vision Loss
- Upbeat Nystagmus
- Vestibular Nystagmus Video 2
- Vestibular Nystagmus with Frenzel Goggles and Vision Denied
- Vision Loss After Pituitary Tumor Resection via Transsphenoidal Approach
- Visual Field Testing and Cases
- Visual Fields: Describing the Field Defect and Localizing the Lesion Through Practice Cases 2016
- Visual Fields: Describing the Field Defect and Localizing the Lesion Through Practice Cases 2019
- Visual Phenomena Associated with Migraine by Dr. Kathleen Digre
- Visual Snow Overview
- Voluntary Nystagmus
- Wall-Eyed Bilateral Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO) Video
- When Clinical Suspicion Prevails
- Woman with Osciliopsia
- Word blindness: alexia syndromes past and present
- Abducting (Dissociated) Nystagmus
- Dissociated Nystagmus
- Downbeat Nystagmus Video 3
- Eye Pain and Photophobia
- Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) Presentation 2021
- Introduction to headache, migraine and secondary headaches
- Migraine and cluster pathophysiology and treatment
- Optic Neuritis–How to assess for optic neuritis and ddx
- Silent Sinus Syndrome
- Susac Syndrome
- Ocular Complications of Bariatric Surgery
- Seeing is Believing in retinal Regeneration
